Dr Philip Turnbull’s research bridges clinical optometry and cutting-edge vision science. His work focuses on developing innovative tools and methodologies to enhance visual assessment and myopia control. He has published on topics ranging from contrast sensitivity measurement using optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) to the efficacy of atropine in myopia management. His collaborative research has led to new approaches for assessing functional vision, particularly in populations where traditional psychophysical methods are challenging. Dr Turnbull’s current projects explore the integration of virtual reality, eye tracking, and artificial intelligence to improve diagnostic precision and patient care in optometry.
You can find links to specific research papers under each thematic heading below.
I use virtual reality both as a tool for conducting research, and as a treatment for ocular conditions. I have published studies using virtual reality for distracted driving simulations, used it as a tool in dry eye research, investigated the ocular safety of VR headsets, and have tests available for visual field testing and pupillometry assessment.
I have extensive experience using eye trackers. Publications include investigating the nervous system origins of pupillary hippus, using reflexive OKN movements to assess contrast sensitivity functions, refractive error, colour vision deficits, and simulated visual field loss. I have also done studies using abnormalities of eye movements in conditions such as traumatic brain injury, and using eye tracking as an objective way to measure binocular vision abnormalities.
Working with Prof Jennifer Craig in the Department of Ophthalmology, I have published a number of studies in the area of dry eye - many with overlap with my other research interests. These include the first prospective trial of IPL for the treatment of MGD, analysis of the ocular microbiome in MGD, the effects of Manuka honey and tea tree oil on Demodex, and tailoring treatments for MGD based on severity. I have also looked at novel treatments including massage and virtual reality, and the effect of screen time on dry eye symptoms.
My original PhD work investigated the refractive development of the cephalopod eye as a simple model of myopia. Since then, I have studied myopia using different tools, like MRI, and more so mfERG where I have published a range of experiments showing the response to sphere and cylinder, dual focus conditions, the effect of atropine on the mfERG response, including in children.
You can see the full range of my research by visiting my Google Scholar profile by clicking on the banner below.